Select the search type
 
  • Site
  • Web
Search

 

Minimize

 

Bonellia viridis

Green Spoonworm


Lucie Malard (2013)                                                    


 

 

Fact Sheet

Minimize

Summary


Physical Description


External Morphology


Size


Ecology


Life History & Behaviour


Peristaltic movements


Feeding


Life Cycle


Sex Determination and Reproduction


Anatomy & Physiology


General Anatomy and Physiology


Digestive System


Proboscis


Bonellin Toxin


Parasitology


Evolution & Systematics


Biogeographic Distribution


Conservation & Threats


References & Links

Ecology

Echiurans in general are cryptic animals as they settle inside boulders as larvae and spend their lives hidden inside. Bonellia viridis only stick their proboscis out to feed and are more active at night. This reduces their chances to be fed on by predators. The proboscis is very thin and the green bonellin makes it visible.  
They can be found in the shallow waters all over the reef, living in coral boulders. However, they might also be living in deeper waters of the reef, as they can be found at depth up to 450 meters in the Mediterranean sea (Hughes et al. 1999).


Photo by Lucie Malard
Bonellia viridis extended proboscis sticking out of a dead coral boulder  


Photo by Lucie Malard


Photo by Lucie Malard
Cryptic proboscis in sediments 

Classification

Minimize